The aim of this thesis is to analyse how Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín considered political order. For that purpose we will go over a historical document that was published in 2013 by the ecuadorian magazine Procesos. This is a letter that Bolívar´s general secretary, José Gabriel Pérez wrote to the mariscal Antonio José de Sucre in which he relates the conversation that our two liberators had in their only meeting, that took place in Guayaquil. According to Pérez, the primary topic in that discussion was the type of government the new independent nations should be. In that instance, Bolívar endorsed the republic and San Martin supported the constitutional monarchy.
In this regard, to understand how the idea of “order” appears in that document, which political or theoretical traditions are present in the agents´s speeches and what words, lexicons or concepts were reappropriated or resignified by them, we will consider the contributions made in recent decades by political sociology and political and conceptual history. Thus, we will reconstruct how San Martín and Bolívar organized the Independence wars –considering Guayaquil as the intersection point among two military campaigns and two political trajectories–; the internal dynamics of the spanish empire and the spanish americans and europeans philosophies of power.
Our methodological framework will allow us to draw a link between the revolutionary elites and their theorizations, interpretations and the political imaginaries. By doing so, we will be able to visualize how the imaginaries, the discourses and the lexicons used express the way in which the agents articulate strategies for struggle and power competition, in order to legitimize their position regarding the construction of the post-independence political order. In this sense, although the document presents our both leaders in opposite policy options, we will argue that there are common imaginaries about how to organize order, power and political dominance.
Likewise, to delve into this issue and restoring the characters in their historical context and analyzing their imaginaries about order without starting from an irreducible opposition, it will allow us to approach in a new way an event as significant in Latin American history as the Guayaquil meeting was.
